- stunnel-users - stunnel.org

IMAP TLS support in stunnel 4?
by George Hartzell 12 Oct '05

12 Oct '05

Hi All, I'd like to put stunnel in front of dbmail-imap and dbmail-pop, since they don't offer any encryption. I understand I can just do straight ssl connections, but would like [prefer] to support TLS. I've found patches to the stunnel 3 series that implement TLS for IMAP, but haven't found any for version 4. Has someone implemented it for 4? Is there a technical or political reason/problem, or just not enough round-tuits? Thanks, g.

3 3

404 File Not Found when accessing webservice using STunnel (works fine without STunnel)
by Sundell Staffan 10 Oct '05

10 Oct '05

"stunnel 4.08 on x86-pc-mingw32-gnu WIN32+IPv6 with OpenSSL 0.9.7e 25 Oct 2004" Hi, this is my first try with both SSL & STunnel, so please excuse me for any missunderstandings a.s.o. I have problems running a STunnel in client-mode agains a SSL webservice. Our application does not support clientside-certificates, so i want to use STunnel to handle the SSL connection. For now, our webservice-provider has disabled the need for client-certificates (to help us narrow our problem down) But it still dont work. As a first step, i access whe webservice default-page through IE-Explorer. https://<ip>:3001/<path> and i am presented with the default-webpage. As i second step, i start stunnel with following .conf verify = 2 CApath = <path where i have saved all certificates as .pem:s with <hash>.0 filenames, from the direct-access example with explorer above> debug = 7 client = yes [https] accept = 127.0.0.1:3000 connect = <ip>:3001 TIMEOUTclose = 0 and try to access http://127.0.0.1:3000/<path> but i get: HTTP 404 File Not found. I have tried the same approach against a microsoft webservice at: https://test.uddi.microsoft.com/extension.asmx Without any problems. 1. I see no errors in the log, as i understand it (se below) can any one else with a more skilled eye see any problem ? 2. Our webservice-provider has an invalid hostname in its certificate (no public hostname, just IP during testing, but server certificate state www.fora.se) might that cause a problem ? (i have tried localy with invalid hostname in certificate without any problem though) 3. Is it possible to enable/disable verification of hostname in STunnel ? (as i understand it, the "verify" option in the STunnel.conf concerns the whole certificate-validation-process, and not just the hostname validation ?) 4. Could the problem be a config-issue on the webservice-provider end ? Im not sure, as it works with IE-Explorer, but not through STunnel ? 5. Any clue on where to look would be greatly apriciated, i have been working with this for a week, and i have been able to use STunnel both as server & client, with & without client-certs against everything i have tested localy and public (tried between diffrent home-made applications, on a local webserver, against verisign website a.s.o.) and everything works fine, except where i need it to work (against our webservice-provider). Regards /Staffan Sundell STunnel log against our webservice-provider (when it doesnt work): 2005.10.10 16:50:23 LOG5[2760:2800]: stunnel 4.08 on x86-pc-mingw32-gnu WIN32+IPv6 with OpenSSL 0.9.7e 25 Oct 2004 2005.10.10 16:50:23 LOG7[2760:2332]: RAND_status claims sufficient entropy for the PRNG 2005.10.10 16:50:23 LOG6[2760:2332]: PRNG seeded successfully 2005.10.10 16:50:23 LOG7[2760:2332]: Verify directory set to w:\ws\certs 2005.10.10 16:50:23 LOG5[2760:2332]: No limit detected for the number of clients 2005.10.10 16:50:23 LOG7[2760:2332]: FD 1916 in non-blocking mode 2005.10.10 16:50:23 LOG7[2760:2332]: SO_REUSEADDR option set on accept socket 2005.10.10 16:50:23 LOG7[2760:2332]: https bound to 127.0.0.1:3000 2005.10.10 16:50:28 LOG7[2760:2332]: https accepted FD=1904 from 127.0.0.1:2975 2005.10.10 16:50:28 LOG7[2760:2332]: FD 1904 in non-blocking mode 2005.10.10 16:50:28 LOG7[2760:2332]: Creating a new thread 2005.10.10 16:50:28 LOG7[2760:2332]: New thread created 2005.10.10 16:50:28 LOG7[2760:3748]: https started 2005.10.10 16:50:28 LOG5[2760:3748]: https connected from 127.0.0.1:2975 2005.10.10 16:50:28 LOG7[2760:3748]: FD 1876 in non-blocking mode 2005.10.10 16:50:28 LOG7[2760:3748]: https connecting <webserviceprovider ip>:3001 2005.10.10 16:50:28 LOG7[2760:3748]: connect_wait: waiting 10 seconds 2005.10.10 16:50:28 LOG7[2760:3748]: connect_wait: connected 2005.10.10 16:50:28 LOG7[2760:3748]: Remote FD=1876 initialized 2005.10.10 16:50:28 LOG7[2760:3748]: SSL state (connect): before/connect initialization 2005.10.10 16:50:28 LOG7[2760:3748]: SSL state (connect): SSLv3 write client hello A 2005.10.10 16:50:28 LOG7[2760:3748]: SSL state (connect): SSLv3 read server hello A 2005.10.10 16:50:28 LOG5[2760:3748]: VERIFY OK: depth=2, /C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority 2005.10.10 16:50:28 LOG5[2760:3748]: VERIFY OK: depth=1, /O=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign International Server CA - Class 3/OU=www.verisign.com/CPS Incorp.by Ref. LIABILITY LTD.(c)97 VeriSign 2005.10.10 16:50:28 LOG5[2760:3748]: VERIFY OK: depth=0, /C=SE/L=STOCKHOLM/O=Fora AB/OU=Member, VeriSign Trust Network/OU=Terms of use at www.verisign.se/rpa <http://www.verisign.se/rpa> (c)05/OU=Authenticated by VeriSign/OU=Member, VeriSign Trust Network/CN=www.fora.se 2005.10.10 16:50:28 LOG7[2760:3748]: SSL state (connect): SSLv3 read server certificate A 2005.10.10 16:50:28 LOG7[2760:3748]: SSL state (connect): SSLv3 read server done A 2005.10.10 16:50:28 LOG7[2760:3748]: SSL state (connect): SSLv3 write client key exchange A 2005.10.10 16:50:28 LOG7[2760:3748]: SSL state (connect): SSLv3 write change cipher spec A 2005.10.10 16:50:28 LOG7[2760:3748]: SSL state (connect): SSLv3 write finished A 2005.10.10 16:50:28 LOG7[2760:3748]: SSL state (connect): SSLv3 flush data 2005.10.10 16:50:28 LOG7[2760:3748]: SSL state (connect): SSLv3 read finished A 2005.10.10 16:50:28 LOG7[2760:3748]: 1 items in the session cache 2005.10.10 16:50:28 LOG7[2760:3748]: 1 client connects (SSL_connect()) 2005.10.10 16:50:28 LOG7[2760:3748]: 1 client connects that finished 2005.10.10 16:50:28 LOG7[2760:3748]: 0 client renegotiatations requested 2005.10.10 16:50:28 LOG7[2760:3748]: 0 server connects (SSL_accept()) 2005.10.10 16:50:28 LOG7[2760:3748]: 0 server connects that finished 2005.10.10 16:50:28 LOG7[2760:3748]: 0 server renegotiatiations requested 2005.10.10 16:50:28 LOG7[2760:3748]: 0 session cache hits 2005.10.10 16:50:28 LOG7[2760:3748]: 0 session cache misses 2005.10.10 16:50:28 LOG7[2760:3748]: 0 session cache timeouts 2005.10.10 16:50:28 LOG6[2760:3748]: SSL connected: new session negotiated 2005.10.10 16:50:28 LOG6[2760:3748]: Negotiated ciphers: AES256-SHA SSLv3 Kx=RSA Au=RSA Enc=AES(256) Mac=SHA1 2005.10.10 16:50:45 LOG7[2760:3748]: SSL socket closed on SSL_read 2005.10.10 16:50:45 LOG7[2760:3748]: Socket write shutdown 2005.10.10 16:50:45 LOG5[2760:3748]: Connection closed: 407 bytes sent to SSL, 507 bytes sent to socket 2005.10.10 16:50:45 LOG7[2760:3748]: https finished (0 left) STunnel log against microsoft (where it works) 2005.10.10 16:50:22 LOG5[2940:2556]: stunnel 4.08 on x86-pc-mingw32-gnu WIN32+IPv6 with OpenSSL 0.9.7e 25 Oct 2004 2005.10.10 16:50:22 LOG7[2940:1112]: RAND_status claims sufficient entropy for the PRNG 2005.10.10 16:50:22 LOG6[2940:1112]: PRNG seeded successfully 2005.10.10 16:50:22 LOG7[2940:1112]: Verify directory set to c:\ws\certs 2005.10.10 16:50:22 LOG5[2940:1112]: No limit detected for the number of clients 2005.10.10 16:50:22 LOG7[2940:1112]: FD 136 in non-blocking mode 2005.10.10 16:50:22 LOG7[2940:1112]: SO_REUSEADDR option set on accept socket 2005.10.10 16:50:22 LOG7[2940:1112]: https bound to 127.0.0.1:80 2005.10.10 16:50:32 LOG7[2940:1112]: https accepted FD=148 from 127.0.0.1:2977 2005.10.10 16:50:32 LOG7[2940:1112]: FD 148 in non-blocking mode 2005.10.10 16:50:32 LOG7[2940:1112]: Creating a new thread 2005.10.10 16:50:32 LOG7[2940:1112]: New thread created 2005.10.10 16:50:32 LOG7[2940:3904]: https started 2005.10.10 16:50:32 LOG5[2940:3904]: https connected from 127.0.0.1:2977 2005.10.10 16:50:32 LOG7[2940:3904]: FD 176 in non-blocking mode 2005.10.10 16:50:32 LOG7[2940:3904]: https connecting 207.46.197.39:443 2005.10.10 16:50:32 LOG7[2940:3904]: connect_wait: waiting 10 seconds 2005.10.10 16:50:33 LOG7[2940:3904]: connect_wait: connected 2005.10.10 16:50:33 LOG7[2940:3904]: Remote FD=176 initialized 2005.10.10 16:50:33 LOG7[2940:3904]: SSL state (connect): before/connect initialization 2005.10.10 16:50:33 LOG7[2940:3904]: SSL state (connect): SSLv3 write client hello A 2005.10.10 16:50:33 LOG7[2940:3904]: SSL state (connect): SSLv3 read server hello A 2005.10.10 16:50:33 LOG5[2940:3904]: VERIFY OK: depth=3, /C=US/O=GTE Corporation/OU=GTE CyberTrust Solutions, Inc./CN=GTE CyberTrust Global Root 2005.10.10 16:50:33 LOG5[2940:3904]: VERIFY OK: depth=2, /CN=Microsoft Internet Authority 2005.10.10 16:50:33 LOG5[2940:3904]: VERIFY OK: depth=1, /DC=com/DC=microsoft/DC=corp/DC=redmond/CN=Microsoft Secure Server Authority 2005.10.10 16:50:33 LOG5[2940:3904]: VERIFY OK: depth=0, /C=US/ST=Washington/L=Redmond/O=Microsoft/OU=UDDI Test production site/CN=test.uddi.microsoft.com 2005.10.10 16:50:33 LOG7[2940:3904]: SSL state (connect): SSLv3 read server certificate A 2005.10.10 16:50:33 LOG7[2940:3904]: SSL state (connect): SSLv3 read server done A 2005.10.10 16:50:33 LOG7[2940:3904]: SSL state (connect): SSLv3 write client key exchange A 2005.10.10 16:50:33 LOG7[2940:3904]: SSL state (connect): SSLv3 write change cipher spec A 2005.10.10 16:50:33 LOG7[2940:3904]: SSL state (connect): SSLv3 write finished A 2005.10.10 16:50:33 LOG7[2940:3904]: SSL state (connect): SSLv3 flush data 2005.10.10 16:50:33 LOG7[2940:3904]: SSL state (connect): SSLv3 read finished A 2005.10.10 16:50:33 LOG7[2940:3904]: 1 items in the session cache 2005.10.10 16:50:33 LOG7[2940:3904]: 1 client connects (SSL_connect()) 2005.10.10 16:50:33 LOG7[2940:3904]: 1 client connects that finished 2005.10.10 16:50:33 LOG7[2940:3904]: 0 client renegotiatations requested 2005.10.10 16:50:33 LOG7[2940:3904]: 0 server connects (SSL_accept()) 2005.10.10 16:50:33 LOG7[2940:3904]: 0 server connects that finished 2005.10.10 16:50:33 LOG7[2940:3904]: 0 server renegotiatiations requested 2005.10.10 16:50:33 LOG7[2940:3904]: 0 session cache hits 2005.10.10 16:50:33 LOG7[2940:3904]: 0 session cache misses 2005.10.10 16:50:33 LOG7[2940:3904]: 0 session cache timeouts 2005.10.10 16:50:33 LOG6[2940:3904]: SSL connected: new session negotiated 2005.10.10 16:50:33 LOG6[2940:3904]: Negotiated ciphers: RC4-MD5 SSLv3 Kx=RSA Au=RSA Enc=RC4(128) Mac=MD5 2005.10.10 16:51:38 LOG3[2940:3904]: readsocket: Connection reset by peer (WSAECONNRESET) (10054) 2005.10.10 16:51:38 LOG5[2940:3904]: Connection reset: 203 bytes sent to SSL, 3214 bytes sent to socket 2005.10.10 16:51:38 LOG7[2940:3904]: https finished (0 left)

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Usage scenarios of stgunnel
by Jagannadha Bhattu Gosukonda 09 Oct '05

09 Oct '05

Hi, Can you kindly let me know the usage scenarios of stunnel in the sense that will it be used mainly at the client side / server side? which is the most common scenario? Thanks JB

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STUNNEL and Windows 98 Second Edition
by David T. Ashley 08 Oct '05

08 Oct '05

I've installed STUNNEL on a Win 98 SE machine. Connections die after a few or a few hundred bytes. Any ideas? Thanks, Dave. ----------------------------------- David T. Ashley (dta(a)e3ft.com) Thousand Feet Consulting, LLC

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UID/GID/Permissions Issue
by David T. Ashley 08 Oct '05

08 Oct '05

I've installed STUNNEL, works great, etc. etc. etc. Just one thing is a mystery .... The daemon definitely runs with UID "stunnel" (as I set it up), but still somehow it is able to grab its own keys and cert, as well as the client cert, which I set with root-only access. How is that possible? Does it buffer these things during startup (as root) before it sets UID/GID to stunnel, or am I missing something? Thanks. ----------------------------------- David T. Ashley (dta(a)e3ft.com) Thousand Feet Consulting, LLC

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stunnel-4.12 Solaris 9 libwrap compile problem
by John Christian 07 Oct '05

07 Oct '05

Hi gurus... I'm setting up a centralized log server for all of my Solaris 9 hosts. Kim's article at http://www.sun.com/bigadmin/features/articles/syslog_ng.html is providing much of the guidence. I plan to use syslog-ng, but would like to have stunnel in place first. http://www.sunfreeware.com does not have a pre-rolled stunnel for Solaris 9. I'm receiving the error below when trying to compile stunnel-4.12 on Solaris 9. Can you offer any tips on overcoming the stunnelcompile error below? ERROR: [snip] gcc -g -O2 -Wall -Wshadow -Wcast-align -Wpointer-arith -I/usr/local/ssl/include -o stunnel client.o log.o options.o protocol.o network.o resolver.o ssl.o sthreads.o stunnel.o pty.o -lz -lsocket -lnsl -L/usr/local/ssl/lib -lssl -lcrypto -lwrap Undefined first referenced symbol in file allow_severity /usr/sfw/lib/libwrap.so deny_severity /usr/sfw/lib/libwrap.so ld: fatal: Symbol referencing errors. No output written to stunnel collect2: ld returned 1 exit status make[1]: *** [stunnel] Error 1 make[1]: Leaving directory `/var/spool/src/stunnel-4.12/src' make: *** [all-recursive] Error 1 I'm using GNU's make 3.80 and gcc 3.4.2. My environment variable LD_LIBRARY_PATH is: LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/openwin/lib:/usr/dt/lib:/usr/local/lib:/usr/local/ssl/lib:/usr/sfw/lib Thanks for taking the time to share any direct solutions or hints that will help me find a solution. -John __________________________________ Yahoo! Mail - PC Magazine Editors' Choice 2005 http://mail.yahoo.com

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Help With Verify = 3
by David T. Ashley 07 Oct '05

07 Oct '05

Hi, I installed Stunnel 4.12 on a Linux box, and am attempting to use it to secure SMTP e-mail injection from Windows machines. I have everything working, and I have a Windows Stunnel client which will inject mail into a Linux Stunnel server over TCP Port 465. However, I've been unable to find the right combination of verification settings to cause the server to refuse connections from clients without the right certificates. Right now, I'm able to inject mail if the client has ANY certificate. Is there any tutorial on how to generate the keys, .PEM files, and the Stunnel settings to have the behavior where only MY clients can inject mail? Thanks and best regards, Dave Ashley.

2 2

stunnel and logrotate
by Bohdan Linda 06 Oct '05

06 Oct '05

Hello, I have noticed that by sending -HUP signal to stunnel causes daemon to exit. The problem is when stunnel is logging to a file and the file was recreated (i.e. by logrotate). I have blindly configured logrotate to send -HUP to the stunnel after the logs are rotated and awaited 'common-habbit' functionality: re-read configuration and refresh file handles. But I was supprised: xxxx@yyyyy:/var/log# more stunnel.log.1 2005.09.27 14:07:51 LOG5[23244:3084273344]: stunnel 4.07 on xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx 2005.09.27 14:07:51 LOG5[23244:3084273344]: 500 clients allowed 2005.10.02 04:40:03 LOG3[23245:3084273344]: Received signal 1; terminating Apparently messages are going to the 'old' filehandle and stunnel exits. Is there any workaround to this except: 1) hard restarting stunnel 2) putting stunnel in inetd Thank you, Bohdan

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Stunnel 4.12 won't work with Openssl 0.98
by Luca G. 05 Oct '05

05 Oct '05

Hi I upgraded yesterday from stunnel 4.11 to 4.12, and i had a few problems... Basically I have been unable to use latest libeay32.dll and libssl32.dll versions (the one that comes with stunnel's installation file). I use stunnel to tunnel a thightvnc connection from my windows xp sp2 workstation to a couple of windows 2000 server machine on the opposite side of the building. At the moment i'm keeping 0.98 files on the server machines, 0.97f on my client and it works These are my stunnel.conf files -----------------------------------client CAfile = CAcert.pem CApath = certificates cert = client.pem client = yes verify = 3 debug = 7 output = stunnel.log [vnc] accept = 127.0.0.1:5900 connect = 192.168.1.252:443 [vnc2] accept = 127.0.0.1:5899 connect = 192.168.1.254:443 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------server CAfile = CAcert.pem CApath = certificates cert = server.pem client = no verify = 3 debug = 7 output = stunnel.log [vnc] accept = 443 connect = 127.0.0.1:5900 -------------------------------------- And this is what i found in my log files after every connection attempt -----------------------------------client 2005.10.05 09:50:21 LOG5[3880:3960]: stunnel 4.12 on x86-pc-mingw32-gnu WIN32+SELECT+IPv6 with OpenSSL 0.9.8 05 Jul 2005 2005.10.05 09:50:21 LOG7[3880:3964]: RAND_status claims sufficient entropy for the PRNG 2005.10.05 09:50:21 LOG6[3880:3964]: PRNG seeded successfully 2005.10.05 09:50:21 LOG7[3880:3964]: Certificate: client.pem 2005.10.05 09:50:21 LOG7[3880:3964]: Key file: client.pem 2005.10.05 09:50:21 LOG7[3880:3964]: Loaded verify certificates from CAcert.pem 2005.10.05 09:50:21 LOG7[3880:3964]: Verify directory set to certificates 2005.10.05 09:50:21 LOG5[3880:3964]: Peer certificate location certificates 2005.10.05 09:50:21 LOG5[3880:3964]: No limit detected for the number of clients 2005.10.05 09:50:21 LOG7[3880:3964]: FD 164 in non-blocking mode 2005.10.05 09:50:21 LOG7[3880:3964]: SO_REUSEADDR option set on accept socket 2005.10.05 09:50:21 LOG7[3880:3964]: vnc bound to 127.0.0.1:5900 2005.10.05 09:50:21 LOG7[3880:3964]: FD 168 in non-blocking mode 2005.10.05 09:50:21 LOG7[3880:3964]: SO_REUSEADDR option set on accept socket 2005.10.05 09:50:21 LOG7[3880:3964]: vnc2 bound to 127.0.0.1:5899 2005.10.05 09:50:30 LOG7[3880:3964]: vnc accepted FD=176 from 127.0.0.1:1351 2005.10.05 09:50:30 LOG7[3880:3964]: Creating a new thread 2005.10.05 09:50:30 LOG7[3880:3964]: New thread created 2005.10.05 09:50:30 LOG7[3880:388]: vnc started 2005.10.05 09:50:30 LOG7[3880:388]: FD 176 in non-blocking mode 2005.10.05 09:50:30 LOG5[3880:388]: vnc connected from 127.0.0.1:1351 2005.10.05 09:50:30 LOG7[3880:388]: FD 200 in non-blocking mode 2005.10.05 09:50:30 LOG7[3880:388]: vnc connecting 192.168.1.252:443 2005.10.05 09:50:30 LOG7[3880:388]: connect_wait: waiting 10 seconds 2005.10.05 09:50:30 LOG7[3880:388]: connect_wait: connected 2005.10.05 09:50:30 LOG7[3880:388]: Remote FD=200 initialized 2005.10.05 09:50:30 LOG7[3880:388]: SSL state (connect): before/connect initialization 2005.10.05 09:50:30 LOG7[3880:388]: SSL state (connect): SSLv3 write client hello A 2005.10.05 09:50:30 LOG7[3880:388]: SSL state (connect): SSLv3 read server hello A 2005.10.05 09:50:30 LOG5[3880:388]: VERIFY OK: depth=1, /C=IT/ST=Trentino/L=Trento/O=ATAS onlus/OU=Atas Trento/CN=VNC/emailAddress=tecnico(a)atas.tn.it 2005.10.05 09:50:30 LOG5[3880:388]: VERIFY OK: depth=0, /C=IT/ST=Trentino/L=Trento/O=ATAS onlus/OU=Atas Trento/CN=VNC_server/emailAddress=tecnico(a)atas.tn.it 2005.10.05 09:50:30 LOG7[3880:388]: SSL state (connect): SSLv3 read server certificate A 2005.10.05 09:50:30 LOG7[3880:388]: SSL state (connect): SSLv3 read server certificate request A 2005.10.05 09:50:30 LOG7[3880:388]: SSL state (connect): SSLv3 read server done A 2005.10.05 09:50:30 LOG7[3880:388]: SSL state (connect): SSLv3 write client certificate A 2005.10.05 09:50:30 LOG7[3880:388]: SSL state (connect): SSLv3 write client key exchange A 2005.10.05 09:50:30 LOG7[3880:388]: SSL state (connect): SSLv3 write certificate verify A ----------------------------------- -----------------------------------server 2005.10.04 10:49:50 LOG5[2480:2760]: stunnel 4.12 on x86-pc-mingw32-gnu WIN32+SELECT+IPv4 with OpenSSL 0.9.8 05 Jul 2005 2005.10.04 10:49:51 LOG7[2480:2824]: RAND_status claims sufficient entropy for the PRNG 2005.10.04 10:49:51 LOG6[2480:2824]: PRNG seeded successfully 2005.10.04 10:49:51 LOG7[2480:2824]: Certificate: server.pem 2005.10.04 10:49:51 LOG7[2480:2824]: Key file: server.pem 2005.10.04 10:49:51 LOG7[2480:2824]: Loaded verify certificates from CAcert.pem 2005.10.04 10:49:51 LOG7[2480:2824]: Verify directory set to certificates 2005.10.04 10:49:51 LOG5[2480:2824]: Peer certificate location certificates 2005.10.04 10:49:51 LOG5[2480:2824]: No limit detected for the number of clients 2005.10.04 10:49:51 LOG7[2480:2824]: FD 864 in non-blocking mode 2005.10.04 10:49:51 LOG7[2480:2824]: SO_REUSEADDR option set on accept socket 2005.10.04 10:49:51 LOG7[2480:2824]: vnc bound to 0.0.0.0:443 2005.10.04 10:51:00 LOG7[2480:2824]: vnc accepted FD=852 from 192.168.1.250:13545 2005.10.04 10:51:00 LOG7[2480:2824]: Creating a new thread 2005.10.04 10:51:00 LOG7[2480:2824]: New thread created 2005.10.04 10:51:00 LOG7[2480:2740]: vnc started 2005.10.04 10:51:00 LOG7[2480:2740]: FD 852 in non-blocking mode 2005.10.04 10:51:00 LOG5[2480:2740]: vnc connected from 192.168.1.250:13545 2005.10.04 10:51:00 LOG7[2480:2740]: SSL state (accept): before/accept initialization 2005.10.04 10:51:00 LOG7[2480:2740]: SSL state (accept): SSLv3 read client hello A 2005.10.04 10:51:00 LOG7[2480:2740]: SSL state (accept): SSLv3 write server hello A 2005.10.04 10:51:00 LOG7[2480:2740]: SSL state (accept): SSLv3 write certificate A 2005.10.04 10:51:00 LOG7[2480:2740]: SSL state (accept): SSLv3 write certificate request A 2005.10.04 10:51:00 LOG7[2480:2740]: SSL state (accept): SSLv3 flush data 2005.10.04 10:51:00 LOG3[2480:2740]: SSL_accept: Peer suddenly disconnected 2005.10.04 10:51:00 LOG7[2480:2740]: vnc finished (0 left) ----------------------------------- Am i doing soething wrong? Thanks in advance Luca

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4.12 Broken?
by G J Piper 04 Oct '05

04 Oct '05

The new Stunnel Version 4.12 doesn't work well with POPs mail retrieval on my system. Reverting back to 4.11 fixes it perfectly. With 4.12, various emails wouldn't come through, got random timeouts, LONG email retrieval times mainly. Sometimes an email would be impossible to retrieve from the spool file. Running Stunnel with default parameters. Standalone I believe POPs runs off xinetd. % uname -a FreeBSD pipercomputerservices.net 4.4-RELEASE FreeBSD 4.4-RELEASE #0: Wed Aug 28 19:41:18 GMT 2002 root@osbuilder:/usr/src/sys/compile/SERVER i386 % gcc -v Using builtin specs. gcc version 2.95.3 20010315 (release) [FreeBSD] % openssl version OpenSSL 0.9.6e 30 Jul 2002 % stunnel -version stunnel 4.11 on i386-unknown-freebsd4.4 PTHREAD+POLL+IPv4+LIBWRAP with OpenSSL 0.9.6e 30 Jul 2002 Global options cert = /usr/local/etc/stunnel/stunnel.pem ciphers = ALL:!ADH:+RC4:@STRENGTH debug = 5 key = /usr/local/etc/stunnel/stunnel.pem pid = /usr/local/var/run/stunnel.pid RNDbytes = 64 RNDfile = /dev/urandom RNDoverwrite = yes session = 300 seconds verify = none Service-level options TIMEOUTbusy = 300 seconds TIMEOUTclose = 60 seconds TIMEOUTconnect = 10 seconds TIMEOUTidle = 43200 seconds

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Help: Remote desktop connection crashes Stunnel
by Jonathan Bell 04 Oct '05

04 Oct '05

In an attempt to get remote desktop set up over SSL tunneling with compression, I have installed stunnel on my Windows XP Professional SP2 machine and created a "portable" stunnel/config/dll zip that just contains the essentials to create a pre-configured tunnel. Here are the two config files: Server -------------------------------- ; Sample stunnel configuration file by Michal Trojnara 2002-2005 ; Some options used here may not be adequate for your particular configuration ; Certificate/key is needed in server mode and optional in client mode ; The default certificate is provided only for testing and should not ; be used in a production environment cert = stunnel.pem key = stunnel.pem ; Some performance tunings socket = l:TCP_NODELAY=1 socket = r:TCP_NODELAY=1 compression = zlib ; Some debugging stuff useful for troubleshooting debug = 6 output = G:\Stunnel Logs\stunnel.log taskbar = no ; Use it for client mode client = no ; Service-level configuration [remote-desktop] accept = 9833 connect = 127.0.0.1:3389 --------------------------------- Client --------------------------------- ; Sample stunnel configuration file by Michal Trojnara 2002-2005 ; Some options used here may not be adequate for your particular configuration ; Some performance tunings socket = l:TCP_NODELAY=1 socket = r:TCP_NODELAY=1 compression = zlib ; Some debugging stuff useful for troubleshooting debug = 7 output = stunnel.log taskbar = yes ; Use it for client mode client = yes ; Service-level configuration [remote-desktop] accept = 127.0.0.1:6389 connect = my.host.name:9833 ---------------------------------- The procedure I used was as follows - start Stunnel on the host, run upstairs with the zipped "portable" stunnel on a USB drive, run stunnel on the other PC, also running XP Pro SP2. Start->run->mstsc, enter 127.0.0.1:6389 and all that happens is that stunnel instantly crashes then Remote Desktop times out. What am I doing wrong?

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Dual Instance of Stunnel Service on W2K
by Mundy Jennifer 04 Oct '05

04 Oct '05

Am new to stunnel and in need of some help. I have W2K box that has Stunnel installed as a service. Upon startup, it starts the service and uses the default stunnel.conf file. I would like to install a second Stunnel service and call a custom .conf service. Is this possible? I've read thru the documentation but haven't come across anything about a second service. We're running v4.05. I know I can get a second instance running via cmd line/batch file, but need the second instance to startup automatically so it can be monitored as well as other things. Thank you in advance. Jennifer The information contained in this e-mail may be confidential and is intended solely for the use of the named addressee. Access, copying or re-use of the e-mail or any information contained therein by any other person is not authorized. If you are not the intended recipient please notify us immediately by returning the e-mail to the originator.(17b)

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SSL_GET_NEW_SESSION:ssl session id callback failed
by DoJo 04 Oct '05

04 Oct '05

Hi There, We have run into "SSL_GET_NEW_SESSION:ssl session id callback failed" error. Can anyone describe what it means? I didn't find any information about it. We'd like to use stunnel to secure Oracle SQL*Net communication. HP-UX server communicates with Win32 clients. We use stunnel standalone not from inetd. Any help would be appreciated. Thanks DoJo Here is a cut from the log file (level 7): 2005.09.29 11:49:53 LOG5[10388:1]: stunnel 4.09 on hppa2.0w-hp-hpux11.11 PTHREAD+POLL+IPv4+LIBWRAP with OpenSSL 0.9.7e 25 Oct 2004 2005.09.29 11:49:53 LOG7[10388:1]: Snagged 0 random bytes from EGD Socket /var/run/egd-pool 2005.09.29 11:49:53 LOG6[10388:1]: PRNG seeded successfully 2005.09.29 11:49:53 LOG7[10388:1]: Certificate: /opt/iexpress/stunnel/etc/stunnel/..._cert.cer 2005.09.29 11:49:53 LOG7[10388:1]: Key file: /opt/iexpress/stunnel/etc/stunnel/..._privkey.pem 2005.09.29 11:49:53 LOG6[10388:1]: file ulimit = 60 (can be changed with 'ulimit -n') 2005.09.29 11:49:53 LOG6[10388:1]: poll() used - no FD_SETSIZE limit for file descriptors 2005.09.29 11:49:53 LOG5[10388:1]: 27 clients allowed 2005.09.29 11:49:53 LOG7[10388:1]: FD 4 in non-blocking mode 2005.09.29 11:49:53 LOG7[10388:1]: FD 5 in non-blocking mode 2005.09.29 11:49:53 LOG7[10388:1]: FD 6 in non-blocking mode 2005.09.29 11:49:53 LOG7[10388:1]: SO_REUSEADDR option set on accept socket 2005.09.29 11:49:53 LOG7[10388:1]: myapp bound to 0.0.0.0:2000 2005.09.29 11:49:53 LOG7[10389:1]: Created pid file /stunnel.pid 2005.09.30 12:01:47 LOG7[10389:1]: myapp accepted FD=1 from 10.3.125.165:3570 2005.09.30 12:01:47 LOG7[10389:1]: FD 1 in non-blocking mode 2005.09.30 12:01:47 LOG7[10389:2]: myapp started 2005.09.30 12:01:47 LOG5[10389:2]: myapp connected from 10.3.125.165:3570 2005.09.30 12:01:47 LOG7[10389:2]: SSL state (accept): before/accept initialization 2005.09.30 12:01:47 LOG3[10389:2]: SSL_accept: 140B544E: error:140B544E:SSL routines:SSL_GET_NEW_SESSION:ssl session id callback failed 2005.09.30 12:01:47 LOG7[10389:2]: myapp finished (0 left) Our config file: cert = /opt/iexpress/stunnel/etc/stunnel/..._cert.cer # contains the server's signed (by a CA) cert. key = /opt/iexpress/stunnel/etc/stunnel/..._privkey.pem # contains the server's private key service = myapp-ssl chroot = /var/run/stunnel pid = /stunnel.pid setuid = oracle setgid = oracle debug = 7 output = stunnel.log client = no [myapp] accept=2000 connect=1521

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stunnel4 user + permissions
by nick.hoffman＠altcall.com 04 Oct '05

04 Oct '05

Hey guys, I've been using stunnel for a while and it's great. I've noticed something that doesn't make much sense to me though, so I was wondering if you might be able to shed some light. Stunnel runs as user:group stunnel4:stunnel4. The server reads client certs (for verify = 3) from /etc/stunnel/certs/ which is chown'd root:ssl-certs and chmod'd 750. The client PEMs in that directory have the same ownership and permissions. User stunnel4 is in the ssl-certs group. When a client connects, the server is unable to read from /etc/stunnel/certs/. If I change the ownership of the directory to root:stunnel4 though, everything works. Any idea why this occurs? Cheers, Nick

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Win2k, stunnel & Magic Mail Monitor questions
by Dana Rasmussen 04 Oct '05

04 Oct '05

Hello, I am running Windows 2000. I have recently learned of the stunnel tool. I am using it with Magic Mail Monitor, (MMM). MMM is a POP3 new mail notifier program. MMM allows me to configure a POP3 server by user name, host, password and POP3 port. MMM allows me to have multiple POP3 servers configured. Unfortunately, MMM does not use SSL. I have been able to get MMM to work with stunnel with the following stunnel.conf file: client = yes [MyPOP3SSL] accept=995 connect=mypop3server.com:995 The associated MMM configuration is: user: myuser host: 127.0.0.1 password:mypassword port:995 I would like to be able to add a second POP3 server to MMM, i.e. Gmail. If I add the following to the bottom of the existing stunnel.conf file Gmail POP3SSL access fails. If I add the following to the top of the existing stunnel.conf file the MyPOP3SSL fails but Gmail works. [GmailPOP3SSL] accept=995 connect=pop.gmail.com:995 The additional MMM configuration is: user:mygmail host: 127.0.0.1 password:mygmailpassword port:995 Is there a way to map the MMM configurations to the matching entries in the stunnel.conf file? Thank you, Dana

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Peer suddenly disconnected
by Mark Tabash 03 Oct '05

03 Oct '05

Hello, I'm having problems using stunnel. I would be glad to provide further information upon request. The funny thing is that it was working before I shipped the client pc to the remote location. Nothing has changed since. Here's what I get in the logs: CLIENT: ssmtp accepted FD=8 from 127.0.0.1:32844 FD 8 in non-blocking mode ssmtp started ssmtp connected from 127.0.0.1:32844 FD 9 in non-blocking mode ssmtp connecting 62.21.201.224:465 remote connect #1: EINPROGRESS: retrying waitforsocket: FD=9, DIR=write waitforsocket: ok Remote FD=9 initialized SSL state (connect): before/connect initialization SSL state (connect): SSLv3 write client hello A waitforsocket: FD=9, DIR=read waitforsocket: ok SSL state (connect): SSLv3 read server hello A SSL state (connect): SSLv3 read server certificate A SSL state (connect): SSLv3 read server certificate request A SSL state (connect): SSLv3 read server done A SSL state (connect): SSLv3 write client certificate A SSL state (connect): SSLv3 write client key exchange A SSL state (connect): SSLv3 write certificate verify A SSL state (connect): SSLv3 write change cipher spec A SSL state (connect): SSLv3 write finished A SSL state (connect): SSLv3 flush data waitforsocket: FD=9, DIR=read waitforsocket: ok SSL_connect: Peer suddenly disconnected ssmtp finished (0 left) SERVER: ssmtp accepted FD=8 from 77.34.26.143:32845 FD 8 in non-blocking mode ssmtp started ssmtp connected from 77.34.26.143:32845 SSL state (accept): before/accept initialization SSL state (accept): SSLv3 read client hello A SSL state (accept): SSLv3 write server hello A SSL state (accept): SSLv3 write certificate A SSL state (accept): SSLv3 write certificate request A SSL state (accept): SSLv3 flush data SSL_accept: Peer suddenly disconnected ssmtp finished (0 left) ============================================ CLIENT INFO: stunnel 4.05 on i386-pc-linux-gnu PTHREAD+LIBWRAP with OpenSSL 0.9.7e 25 Oct 2004 Global options cert = /etc/stunnel/stunnel.pem ciphers = ALL:!ADH:+RC4:@STRENGTH debug = 5 key = /etc/stunnel/stunnel.pem pid = /var/run/stunnel4/stunnel.pid RNDbytes = 64 RNDfile = /dev/urandom RNDoverwrite = yes session = 300 seconds verify = none Service-level options TIMEOUTbusy = 300 seconds TIMEOUTclose = 60 seconds TIMEOUTidle = 43200 seconds ------------------ SERVER INFO: stunnel 4.09 on x86_64-pc-linux-gnu PTHREAD+POLL+IPv6+LIBWRAP with OpenSSL 0.9.7e 25 Oct 2004 Global options cert = /etc/stunnel/stunnel.pem ciphers = ALL:!ADH:+RC4:@STRENGTH debug = 5 key = /etc/stunnel/stunnel.pem pid = /var/lib/run/stunnel.pid RNDbytes = 64 RNDfile = /dev/urandom RNDoverwrite = yes session = 300 seconds verify = none Service-level options TIMEOUTbusy = 300 seconds TIMEOUTclose = 60 seconds TIMEOUTconnect = 10 seconds TIMEOUTidle = 43200 seconds

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Stunnel 4.12 released
by Michal Trojnara 30 Sep '05

30 Sep '05

Here is the ChangeLog entry: Version 4.12, 2005.09.29, urgency: MEDIUM: * New features - Win32 installer added. - New Win32 commandline options: -start and -stop. - Log level and thread number are reported to syslog. - DLLs for OpenSSL 0.9.8. - stunnel.spec updated by neeo <neeo(a)irc.pl>. * Bugfixes - Use of broken poll() is disabled on Mac OS X. - Yet another transfer() infinite loop condition fixed. - Workaround for a serious M$ bug (KB177346). - IPv6 DLLs allocation problem resulting in GPF on W2K fixed. - zlib added to shared libraries (OpenSSL may need it). - size_t printf() fixed in stack_info(). * Release notes - This is a bugfix release. Upgrade is recommended. Homepage: http://stunnel.mirt.net/ Download: ftp://stunnel.mirt.net/stunnel/ sha1sum: 3a0f1b9955f64dcab376b4145663f1eadc5dfba5 stunnel-4.12.tar.gz Best regards, Mike

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Stunnel Win32 binary
by Michal Trojnara 30 Sep '05

30 Sep '05

Dear Users, Some people were asking me for a standalone stunnel.exe file. It's located in stunnel-4.12/src directory of stunnel-4.12.tar.gz archive. Winzip can handle .tar.gz format, so you'll be able to unpack it. http://www.winzip.com/wzdifs.htm BTW: I recommend to try the installer, anyway. It's designed to make the upgrade much easier. You can simply enter the path where your current stunnel.exe and stunnel.conf are located during the install. stunnel.conf and stunnel.pem files won't be replaced and your Windows will remember the path so you won't have to enter it on next upgrade. Also the latest OpenSSL DLLs are installed in stunnel directory each time. Notes: 1. Uninstall removes stunnel.conf, so don't uninstall if you're only going to upgrade stunnel. 2. Remember to stop stunnel before you uninstall/upgrade it. Best regards, Mike

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No encryption?
by Revelancefound＠aol.com 27 Sep '05

27 Sep '05

Dear patient users, It seems that stunnel does not encrypt outward traffic from my pc. I was able to get stunnel to work in the first place by having different proxies for each protocol. However, to test if my 8196 bit + x509 certificate keys actually encrypted my traffic I decided to do a test. I had sniffed my own computer using Cain and Able while logging in to my home router. To my disappointment, the sniffer picked up my username and password in plain text through HTTP protocol several times. Either that or Able can crack 256bit level encryption (256 x 32 = 8196) rather quickly. My stunnel.conf file: ; Sample stunnel configuration file by Michal Trojnara 2002-2005 ; Some options used here may not be adequate for your particular configuration ; Certificate/key is needed in server mode and optional in client mode cert = C:\Program Files\stunnel\stunnel.pem key = C:\Program Files\stunnel\stunnel.pem ; Some performance tunings socket = l:TCP_NODELAY=1 socket = r:TCP_NODELAY=1 ; Workaround for Eudora bug options = DONT_INSERT_EMPTY_FRAGMENTS ; Authentication stuff ;verify = 2 ; Don't forget to c_rehash CApath; CApath is located inside chroot jail: ;CApath = certs ; It's often easier to use CAfile: ;CAfile = certs.pem ; Don't forget to c_rehash CRLpath; CRLpath is located inside chroot jail: ;CRLpath = crls ; Alternatively you can use CRLfile: ;CRLfile = crls.pem ; Some debugging stuff useful for troubleshooting ;debug = 7 ;dutput = C:\Program Files\stunnel\stunnel.log ; Use it for client mode client = yes ; Service-level configuration client = yes verify = 0 ;[pop3s] ;accept = 995 ;connect = 110 ;[imaps] ;accept = 993 ;connect = 143 [ssmtp] accept = 127.0.0.1:465 connect = httpsupportingproxy4:3124 TIMEOUTclose = 0 [http] accept = 127.0.0.1:444 connect = httpsupportingproxy3:6588 TIMEOUTclose = 0 [https] accept = 127.0.0.1:443 connect = httpsupportingproxy2:6588 TIMEOUTclose = 0 [ftps] accept = 127.0.0.1:21 connect = httpsupportingproxy1:6588 TIMEOUTclose = 0 ; vim:ft=dosini And my bat file used to generate keys: openssl req -new -x509 -days 365 -nodes -config C:\OpenSSL\bin\openssl.cnf -out stunnel.pem -keyout stunnel.pem ;requirements: ;OpensSSL.exe in C:\windows directory ;Installation of Win32OpenSSL-v0.9.8.mis to C:\ ;Edit C:\OpenSSL\bin\openssl.cnf strings ;[ req ] ;default_bits = 8196 ;default_keyfile = stunnel.pem ;distinguished_name = req_distinguished_name ;attributes = req_attributes ;x509_extensions = v3_ca # The extentions to add to the self signed cert Cain Log: ================================================================== = Cain's MAC Scanner/Promiscuous-mode Detector = ================================================================== IP Address: (Router) MAC Address: (RouterMAC) OUI Fingerprint: Cisco-Linksys, LLC Hostname: ARP Test (Broadcast 31-bit): * ARP Test (Broadcast 16-bit): * ARP Test (Broadcast 8-bit): * ARP Test (Group bit): * ARP Test (Multicast group 0): * ARP Test (Multicast group 1): * ARP Test (Multicast group 3): * Am I doing something wrong here?

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question about usage of configfile
by Revelancefound＠aol.com 26 Sep '05

26 Sep '05

To put it blatantly, I am trying to make stunnel 4.12 create a 2 way encrypted channel from my home computer as a client to an SSL supporting proxy (HTTP). Also, I am using localhost (127.0.0.1) as a connect address for proxy settings in such programs as Internet Explorer or a download manager. A sample of my stunnel.conf is bellow: client = yes verify = 0 [https] accept = 127.0.0.1:8080 connect = ssl.supporting.httpproxy.with.openport:80 TIMEOUTclose = 0 ; vim:ft=dosini My computer currently has the following installed: stunnel-4.12 Opensslv0.9.8 (Win32OpenSSL-v0.9.8.exe) ActivePerl-5.8.7.813-MSWin32-x86-148120.msi Windows XP Home Edition (SP2) Whenever I try to connect to 127.0.0.1:8080 the stunnel log reports 2005.09.23 20:57:33 LOG5[6012:5668]: stunnel 4.12 on x86-pc-mingw32-gnu WIN32+IPv6 with OpenSSL 0.9.8 05 Jul 2005 2005.09.23 20:57:33 LOG5[6012:4600]: No limit detected for the number of clients 2005.09.23 20:57:38 LOG5[6012:1560]: https connected from 127.0.0.1:3226 2005.09.23 20:59:10 LOG5[6012:5396]: https connected from 127.0.0.1:3232 2005.09.23 21:04:10 LOG5[6012:4576]: https connected from 127.0.0.1:3249 2005.09.23 21:09:10 LOG5[6012:4652]: https connected from 127.0.0.1:3268 2005.09.23 21:14:10 LOG5[6012:5396]: https connected from 127.0.0.1:3283 2005.09.23 21:19:12 LOG5[6012:1556]: https connected from 127.0.0.1:3296 2005.09.23 21:24:13 LOG5[6012:4072]: https connected from 127.0.0.1:3309 2005.09.23 21:29:23 LOG3[6012:3408]: Failed to initialize remote connection 2005.09.23 21:29:23 LOG5[6012:6140]: https connected from 127.0.0.1:3332 And so on into infinity Am I trying to do the impossible, or are all those 8196 bit RSA keys (certified through x508) that I generated going to waste?

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stunnel for dovecot
by dhaval thakar 26 Sep '05

26 Sep '05

dear friends, i m preparing for RHCE Exam, as dovecot can not be configured in host.deny (TCP wrappers), we can create tunnel using stunnel & can use for the security perpose. kindly help me blocking pop3 access using host.deny file (using dovecot for the pop3) thanks in advance

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minor annoyance
by Alaric Dailey 26 Sep '05

26 Sep '05

I have been using stunnel for a while with great success, only one minor issue, I am using stunnel for my http server and it ALWAYS logs traffic as coming from the stunnel IP rather than the IP address it is really coming from, is there a way around this?

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RE: [stunnel-users] newbie stunnel question
by Revelancefound＠aol.com 25 Sep '05

25 Sep '05

no data is being transfered, thats the problem 2005.09.24 09:41:19 LOG5[1672:3268]: stunnel 4.11 on x86-pc-mingw32-gnu WIN32+IPv6 with OpenSSL 0.9.7f 22 Mar 2005 2005.09.24 09:41:20 LOG5[1672:2716]: No limit detected for the number of clients 2005.09.24 09:41:33 LOG5[1672:3576]: http connected from 127.0.0.1:1876 2005.09.24 09:42:18 LOG5[1672:1176]: http connected from 127.0.0.1:1881 2005.09.24 09:42:35 LOG5[1672:1408]: http connected from 127.0.0.1:1884 2005.09.24 09:42:44 LOG5[1672:1028]: http connected from 127.0.0.1:1887 And so on until Failed to initialize remote connection My config file: client = yes cert=c:\stunnel\stunnel.pem [http] accept = 127.0.0.1:80 connect = httpsupportingsslserver:80 [https] accept = 127.0.0.1:443 connect = httpsupportingsslserver:80 [ftp] accept = 127.0.0.1:22 connect = httpsupportingsslserver:80 Am I missing something here?

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newbie stunnel question
by Revelancefound＠aol.com 24 Sep '05

24 Sep '05

Hello, im new to stunnel 4.11 and I am currently having trouble creating ssl conncetions. My operating sysytem in Windows XP Home (SP2), I am running Stunnel not as a service and I do not have CERT nor chroot. I am trying to create a SSL tunnel from my pc (stunnel in client mode) to a SSL supporting proxy that does not spill my ip. Because I am using windows I have to edit the stunnel.conf file, its contense is displayed here: client = yes cert=c:\stunnel\stunnel.pem [http] accept = 127.0.0.1:3900 connect = 200.114.206.192:8080 [https] accept = 127.0.0.1:3900 connect = 200.114.206.192:8080 [ftp] accept = 127.0.0.1:3900 connect = 200.114.206.192:8080 After these values are estabolished an netstat -an shows Proto Local Address Foreign Address State TCP 127.0.0.1:3900 0.0.0.0:0 LISTENING Can someone please help me? Attachment:

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stunnel >= 4.0.7 crashes on IPv6 enabled Windows 2000
by Peter Bieringer 24 Sep '05

24 Sep '05

Hi, 4.0.6 claim about "The procedure entry point freeaddrinfo could not be located in the dynamic link library WS2_32.DLL" 4.0.7 and above crashes "...has generated errors". Windows 2000 is IPv6 enabled by <http://msdn.microsoft.com/downloads/sdks/platform/tpipv6.asp> with information from: <http://msdn.microsoft.com/downloads/sdks/platform/tpipv6/faq.asp> Is it planned to fix this issue? BTW: IPv6 enabled 4.0.11 works fine on Linux ! Peter -- Dr. Peter Bieringer http://www.bieringer.de/pb/ GPG/PGP Key 0x958F422D mailto: pb at bieringer dot de Deep Space 6 Co-Founder and Core Member http://www.deepspace6.net/

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